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The question describes a specific Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) procedure where a single sperm is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an ovum. This is a specialized form of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF).
Option (A) Embryo Transfer (ET) involves transferring an embryo (at the 8-cell stage or blastocyst stage) into the uterus or fallopian tube. Option (B) GIFT involves transferring gametes (sperm and ovum) into the fallopian tube. Option (C) ZIFT involves transferring a zygote into the fallopian tube. Option (D) Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is the specific laboratory procedure where a sperm is injected directly into the ovum.
Based on the definition provided in the NCERT Biology textbook for Class 12, the procedure of injecting sperm directly into the ovum is known as ICSI.
Final Answer: Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)