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Check whether $f:R-\{3\} \rightarrow R$ defined as $f(x)=\frac{x-2}{x-3}$ is onto or not.
APPLY COMPETENCY 2 Marks
Concept Application
50%
Calculation / Logic
50%
Target Level
MEDIUM
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APPLY COMPETENCY MEDIUM

Q: Check whether $f:R-\{3\} \rightarrow R$ defined as $f(x)=\frac{x-2}{x-3}$ is onto or not.

Question Analysis & Solution

Detailed Solution

Step 1: Understand the definition of an onto function

A function $f: A \rightarrow B$ is onto (surjective) if for every element $y$ in the codomain $B$, there exists at least one element $x$ in the domain $A$ such that $f(x) = y$.

Step 2: Set up the equation

Let $y$ be an arbitrary element in the codomain $R$. We set $f(x) = y$:

$$y = \frac{x-2}{x-3}$$

Step 3: Solve for x in terms of y

Multiply both sides by $(x-3)$:

$$y(x-3) = x-2$$ $$xy - 3y = x - 2$$ $$xy - x = 3y - 2$$ $$x(y-1) = 3y - 2$$ $$x = \frac{3y-2}{y-1}$$

Step 4: Analyze the range

For $f$ to be onto, $x$ must exist in the domain $R - \{3\}$ for every $y \in R$. Looking at the expression $x = \frac{3y-2}{y-1}$, we see that $x$ is undefined when $y = 1$. This means there is no $x$ in the domain such that $f(x) = 1$.

Step 5: Conclusion

Since $y=1$ is in the codomain $R$ but has no pre-image in the domain, the function is not onto.

Final Answer: The function is not onto.

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