NEET 2026 ALL Q #2063
COMPETENCY BASED
APPLY
4 Marks 2026 NTA-RE-NEET-2026 MCQ SINGLE
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Forelimbs of human and bats are homologous.
Reason R: Forelimbs of humans and bats have similar anatomical structure.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
(A) A is false but R is true
(B) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(C) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(D) A is true but R is false
Correct Answer: B

AI Tutor Explanation

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Detailed Solution

Step 1: Analyze Assertion A

Homology refers to organs that share a common ancestral origin and similar basic anatomical structure, even if they perform different functions. The forelimbs of humans (used for grasping) and bats (used for flying) share the same skeletal pattern (humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges), indicating a common ancestry. Thus, Assertion A is true.

Step 2: Analyze Reason R

The definition of homologous organs is precisely based on the similarity in their anatomical structure and developmental origin. Since the forelimbs of humans and bats exhibit this shared anatomical blueprint, Reason R is true.

Step 3: Establish the Relationship

Reason R provides the fundamental biological basis for why the forelimbs are classified as homologous. Because they possess a similar anatomical structure derived from a common ancestor, they are termed homologous. Therefore, R is the correct explanation of A.

Final Answer: Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an APPLY question because the student must apply the biological definition of homology to specific examples provided in the syllabus.
Knowledge Dimension: CONCEPTUAL
Justification: The question tests the understanding of evolutionary biology concepts (divergent evolution and homology) rather than rote memorization of facts.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of NEET, this is classified as COMPETENCY. This format is standard for the NEET Biology section, requiring students to evaluate the logical link between evolutionary evidence and its definition.

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